PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS - IRAQ: KURDISTAN, WILD GOAT
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org/
Date: 12, 15 Apr 2011
From: Talib Murad [edited]
talibelam@aol.com
PPR in Wild Goats (_Capra aegagrus_) and domestic goats Kurdistan
-----------------------------------------------------------------
On 25 Feb 2011, samples were sent to the National Reference Laboratory for Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut. [This most probably refers to the Institute of Diagnostic Virology, FLI, Riems, Germany. - Mod.AS]
Partial autolysis of the organ samples was recorded. The samples were analysed for PPRV-genomes using 2 different real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) methods (Bao et al. 2008 and CiRAD-protocol), partial sequencing of the PPRV genomes. The PPRV-vaccine was not the source of PPRV-infection in wild goats.
Based on a BLAST search, the partial NP-sequence of PPRV field strains showed the highest homology (98.9 percent) to the PPRV-strain 'Turkey 2000" (GenBank Accesion-No. AJ849636).
Conclusions:
In 3 of the 4 investigated wild goats, PPRV-genomes could be detected. Based on the observed very high viral genoms load (low Ct-values) in several samples, an acute PPRV infection can be supposed.
The partial sequencing of the field samples in comparison to the PPRV-vaccine used in the according area of Kurdistan (Iraq) confirms an infection of wild goats with a PPRV field strain, closely related to the PPRV strain "Turkey 2000."
Talib Murad Ali Elam, DVM, Ph.D, Advisor for Food Security and Agriculture to Kurdistan Regional Government-KRG,
Erbil, Iraq
Talib.Murad@krg.org
http://foodsecurityiraq-livestock.blogspot.com/
[According to the earlier (10 Apr 2011] communication from Dr Murad, the wild goats, clinically suspected to be affected by PPR, were located near the Turkish border. PPR is known to be endemic in Turkey,
where mass vaccinations are applied in sheep and goats (2010 semi-annual OIE report). Iraq is similarly known to be PPR-infected, with mass vaccinations applied (last available report, 2008).
PPR has been recorded in wild ruminants in several countries.
According to CFSPH (Iowa State University) technical factsheet (updated 30 Aug 2008), "PPR can affect some wild ungulates, but there is very limited information on species susceptibility and the occurrence of disease. PPR was confirmed as the cause of 2 severe outbreaks, one in captive Dorcas gazelles (_Gazella dorcas_) and Thomson's gazelles (_Gazella thomsoni_) in Saudi Arabia in 2002, and the other in buffalo in India in 1995. PPR is also thought to have caused another outbreak that affected both gazelles and deer in Saudi Arabia in the 1980s. White-tailed deer (_Odocoileus virginianus_) can be infected experimentally. In addition, PPR has been reported in captive Nubian ibex [which is genetically closely related to wild
goats], Laristan sheep and gemsbok. Whether wild ruminants are important in the epidemiology of this disease is unknown."
OIE's Working Group on wildlife diseases (WGWD) was asked to participate in and recommend persons with wildlife expertise to participate in the OIE ad hoc group formed to draft a new Terrestrial
Code chapter on PPR. WGWD discussed the issue during its last meeting (12-15 Oct 2010) and drafted a short list of appropriate experts from the wildlife field around the world.
The wild goat (Bezoar Ibex, _Capra aegagrus_) is distributed from Europe and Asia Minor to central Asia and the Middle East. It is the ancestor of the domestic goat. For a picture, see
http://www.biolib.cz/en/image/id2600/
.The exemplary transparency demonstrated by Dr Talib Murad, providing information on an additional wild species affected by PPR, will --hopefully -- inspire animal health authorities in the region to improve their reporting records. - Mod.AS]
[The interactive HealthMap/ProMED map for Iraq is available at:
http://healthmap.org/r/00YR - CopyEd.EJP] ]
[see also:
2005
----
Iraq, veterinary services: FAO 20050531.1509
2004
----
Peste des petits ruminants, caprine, 2004 - Israel: OIE
20050108.0062
Peste des petits ruminants - Turkey (Thrace): susp. 20041031.2937
2000
----
Peste des petits ruminants - Cyprus 20000620.1003
1998
----
Peste des petits ruminants: origin & distribution(02) 19981012.2007
Peste des petits ruminants: origin & distribution 19980926.1926
Peste des petits ruminants - Iraq (Ninevah, Dohuk) 19980922.1896]
.................................................arn/ejp/lm
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org/
Date: 12, 15 Apr 2011
From: Talib Murad [edited]
talibelam@aol.com
PPR in Wild Goats (_Capra aegagrus_) and domestic goats Kurdistan
-----------------------------------------------------------------
On 25 Feb 2011, samples were sent to the National Reference Laboratory for Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut. [This most probably refers to the Institute of Diagnostic Virology, FLI, Riems, Germany. - Mod.AS]
Partial autolysis of the organ samples was recorded. The samples were analysed for PPRV-genomes using 2 different real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) methods (Bao et al. 2008 and CiRAD-protocol), partial sequencing of the PPRV genomes. The PPRV-vaccine was not the source of PPRV-infection in wild goats.
Based on a BLAST search, the partial NP-sequence of PPRV field strains showed the highest homology (98.9 percent) to the PPRV-strain 'Turkey 2000" (GenBank Accesion-No. AJ849636).
Conclusions:
In 3 of the 4 investigated wild goats, PPRV-genomes could be detected. Based on the observed very high viral genoms load (low Ct-values) in several samples, an acute PPRV infection can be supposed.
The partial sequencing of the field samples in comparison to the PPRV-vaccine used in the according area of Kurdistan (Iraq) confirms an infection of wild goats with a PPRV field strain, closely related to the PPRV strain "Turkey 2000."
Talib Murad Ali Elam, DVM, Ph.D, Advisor for Food Security and Agriculture to Kurdistan Regional Government-KRG,
Erbil, Iraq
Talib.Murad@krg.org
http://foodsecurityiraq-livestock.blogspot.com/
[According to the earlier (10 Apr 2011] communication from Dr Murad, the wild goats, clinically suspected to be affected by PPR, were located near the Turkish border. PPR is known to be endemic in Turkey,
where mass vaccinations are applied in sheep and goats (2010 semi-annual OIE report). Iraq is similarly known to be PPR-infected, with mass vaccinations applied (last available report, 2008).
PPR has been recorded in wild ruminants in several countries.
According to CFSPH (Iowa State University) technical factsheet (updated 30 Aug 2008), "PPR can affect some wild ungulates, but there is very limited information on species susceptibility and the occurrence of disease. PPR was confirmed as the cause of 2 severe outbreaks, one in captive Dorcas gazelles (_Gazella dorcas_) and Thomson's gazelles (_Gazella thomsoni_) in Saudi Arabia in 2002, and the other in buffalo in India in 1995. PPR is also thought to have caused another outbreak that affected both gazelles and deer in Saudi Arabia in the 1980s. White-tailed deer (_Odocoileus virginianus_) can be infected experimentally. In addition, PPR has been reported in captive Nubian ibex [which is genetically closely related to wild
goats], Laristan sheep and gemsbok. Whether wild ruminants are important in the epidemiology of this disease is unknown."
OIE's Working Group on wildlife diseases (WGWD) was asked to participate in and recommend persons with wildlife expertise to participate in the OIE ad hoc group formed to draft a new Terrestrial
Code chapter on PPR. WGWD discussed the issue during its last meeting (12-15 Oct 2010) and drafted a short list of appropriate experts from the wildlife field around the world.
The wild goat (Bezoar Ibex, _Capra aegagrus_) is distributed from Europe and Asia Minor to central Asia and the Middle East. It is the ancestor of the domestic goat. For a picture, see
http://www.biolib.cz/en/image/id2600/
.The exemplary transparency demonstrated by Dr Talib Murad, providing information on an additional wild species affected by PPR, will --hopefully -- inspire animal health authorities in the region to improve their reporting records. - Mod.AS]
[The interactive HealthMap/ProMED map for Iraq is available at:
http://healthmap.org/r/00YR - CopyEd.EJP] ]
[see also:
2005
----
Iraq, veterinary services: FAO 20050531.1509
2004
----
Peste des petits ruminants, caprine, 2004 - Israel: OIE
20050108.0062
Peste des petits ruminants - Turkey (Thrace): susp. 20041031.2937
2000
----
Peste des petits ruminants - Cyprus 20000620.1003
1998
----
Peste des petits ruminants: origin & distribution(02) 19981012.2007
Peste des petits ruminants: origin & distribution 19980926.1926
Peste des petits ruminants - Iraq (Ninevah, Dohuk) 19980922.1896]
.................................................arn/ejp/lm
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